Number of Injuries (minor, serious, hospitalised)

Quantify the aggregated WTP (Value Risk Reduction) to avoid minor injury by road traffic accident in a non urban area in NSW

Fire
Flood
Storm
Earthquake
Tsunami
Heatwave
Calculated WTP Marginal Change being measured Recommendations
$26,595.61 AUD

Aggregate WTP to avoid one hospitalised injury per event

Useful for BT in non-urban Australian areas - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

WTP Details

Hazard types identified
Not specific to a natural hazard
Specific Value Type measured
Minor injury
Currency Year - original study
WTP estimate - original study value
$20,312 per minor injuury
Currency - original study
AUD
WTP converted to $AU in original year from the study
$20,312.00 AUD
WTP measure
Mean
Other variables that significantly explain WTP

n/a

Study Details

Value type applicable
Physical Health
Study conducted in the context of a natural hazard?
No
Study quality
High
Benefits transfer applicability
Average
Recommendations

Useful for BT in non-urban Australian areas - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

Methods

Data collection method used
Choice modeling; annual vehicle kilometres; annual number of fatality and injury
Analysis model
mixed logit model
Modelled number of individuals
210
Modelled number of observations
710

Sample Characteristics

Country/region studied
New South Wales
Country of source studies
Australia
Sampled population
New South Wales
Range in years of data
2007
Mean sample age
44.2
Percent Male
50
Percent Female
50
Mean sample income
$38,400
Income units
AUD/year

Publication

Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment

Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I. 2009. Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment. Transportation Research Part A. 43: 692–707.
Citation
Hensher, et al. 2009
Authors
Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I.
Year published
Peer reviewed?
Yes
Journal name
Transportation Research Part A

Additional information

Notes on this study

Minor injury: defined as an injury that requires some medical treatment but no hospitalisation. An aggregated Value of Risk Reduction is obtained by converting the WTP per person per trip to a WTP per person per kilometre, and then multiply by the inverse of the chance of death or injury class. Hence, WTP per person per trip estimates are available in the paper.

Quantify the aggregated WTP (Value Risk Reduction) to avoid minor injury by road traffic accident in a non urban area in NSW

Fire
Flood
Storm
Earthquake
Tsunami
Heatwave
Calculated WTP Marginal Change being measured Recommendations
$253,861.59 AUD

Aggregate WTP to avoid one serious injury per event

 Useful for BT in non-urban Australian areas - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

WTP Details

Hazard types identified
Not specific to a natural hazard
Specific Value Type measured
Injury-serious
Currency Year - original study
WTP estimate - original study value
$193,883 per serious injury
Currency - original study
AUD
WTP converted to $AU in original year from the study
$193,883.00 AUD
WTP measure
Mean
Other variables that significantly explain WTP

n/a

Study Details

Value type applicable
Physical Health
Study conducted in the context of a natural hazard?
No
Study quality
High
Benefits transfer applicability
Average
Recommendations
Useful for BT in non-urban Australian areas - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

Methods

Data collection method used
Choice modeling; annual vehicle kilometres; annual number of fatality and injury
Analysis model
mixed logit model
Modelled number of individuals
210
Modelled number of observations
710

Sample Characteristics

Country/region studied
New South Wales
Country of source studies
Australia
Sampled population
New South Wales
Range in years of data
2007
Mean sample age
44.2
Percent Male
50
Percent Female
50
Mean sample income
$38,400
Income units
AUD/year

Publication

Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment

Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I. 2009. Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment. Transportation Research Part A. 43: 692–707.
Citation
Hensher, et al. 2009
Authors
Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I.
Year published
Peer reviewed?
Yes
Journal name
Transportation Research Part A

Additional information

Notes on this study

Serious injury: defined as an injury that requires hospitalisation for a long period and results in some permanent disability. To obtain an aggregated VRR, convert the WTP per person per trip to a WTP per person per kilometre, and then multiply by the inverse of the chance of death or injury class. Hence, WTP per person per trip estimates are available in the paper.

Quantify the aggregated WTP (Value Risk Reduction) to avoid minor injury by road traffic accident in a non urban area in NSW

Fire
Flood
Storm
Earthquake
Tsunami
Heatwave
Calculated WTP Marginal Change being measured Recommendations
$26,595.61 AUD

Aggregate WTP to avoid one minor injury per event

 Useful for BT in non-urban Australian areas - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

WTP Details

Hazard types identified
Not specific to a natural hazard
Specific Value Type measured
Injury-minor
Currency Year - original study
WTP estimate - original study value
$20,312 per minor injury
Currency - original study
AUD
WTP converted to $AU in original year from the study
$20,312.00 AUD
WTP measure
Mean
Other variables that significantly explain WTP

n/a

Study Details

Value type applicable
Physical Health
Study conducted in the context of a natural hazard?
No
Study quality
High
Benefits transfer applicability
Average
Recommendations
Useful for BT in non-urban Australian areas - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

Methods

Data collection method used
Choice modeling; annual vehicle kilometres; annual number of fatality and injury
Analysis model
mixed logit model
Modelled number of individuals
210
Modelled number of observations
710

Sample Characteristics

Country/region studied
New South Wales
Country of source studies
Australia
Sampled population
New South Wales
Range in years of data
2007
Mean sample age
44.2
Percent Male
50
Percent Female
50
Mean sample income
$38,400
Income units
AUD/year

Publication

Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment

Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I. 2009. Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment. Transportation Research Part A. 43: 692–707.
Citation
Hensher, et al. 2009
Authors
Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I.
Year published
Peer reviewed?
Yes
Journal name
Transportation Research Part A

Additional information

Notes on this study

Minor injury: defined as an injury that requires some medical treatment but no hospitalisation. To obtain an aggregated VRR, convert the WTP per person per trip to a WTP per person per kilometre, and then multiply by the inverse of the chance of death or injury class. Hence, WTP per person per trip estimates are available in the paper.

Quantify the aggregated WTP (Value Risk Reduction) to avoid minor injury by road traffic accident in an urban area in NSW

Fire
Flood
Storm
Earthquake
Tsunami
Heatwave
Calculated WTP Marginal Change being measured Recommendations
$21,672.44 AUD

Aggregate WTP to avoid one minor injury per event

 Useful for BT in urban Australian cities - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

WTP Details

Hazard types identified
Not specific to a natural hazard
Specific Value Type measured
Injury-minor
Currency Year - original study
WTP estimate - original study value
$16,552 per minor injury
Currency - original study
AUD
WTP converted to $AU in original year from the study
$16,552.00 AUD
WTP measure
Mean
Other variables that significantly explain WTP

n/a

Study Details

Value type applicable
Physical Health
Study conducted in the context of a natural hazard?
No
Study quality
High
Benefits transfer applicability
Average
Recommendations
Useful for BT in urban Australian cities - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

Methods

Data collection method used
Choice modeling; annual vehicle kilometres; annual number of fatality and injury
Analysis model
mixed logit model
Modelled number of individuals
210
Modelled number of observations
1420

Sample Characteristics

Country/region studied
New South Wales
Country of source studies
Australia
Sampled population
New South Wales
Range in years of data
2007
Mean sample age
44.2
Percent Male
50
Percent Female
50
Mean sample income
$38,400
Income units
AUD/year

Publication

Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment

Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I. 2009. Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment. Transportation Research Part A. 43: 692–707.
Citation
Hensher, et al. 2009
Authors
Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I.
Year published
Peer reviewed?
Yes
Journal name
Transportation Research Part A

Additional information

Notes on this study

Minor injury: defined as an injury that requires some medical treatment but no hospitalisation. To obtain an aggregated VRR, convert the WTP per person per trip to a WTP per person per kilometre, and then multiply by the inverse of the chance of death or injury class. Hence, WTP per person per trip estimates are available in the paper.

Quantify the aggregated WTP (Value Risk Reduction) to avoid hospitalised injury by road traffic accident in an urban area in NSW

Fire
Flood
Storm
Earthquake
Tsunami
Heatwave
Calculated WTP Marginal Change being measured Recommendations
$98,824.85 AUD

Aggregate WTP to avoid one hospitalised injury per event

 Useful for BT in urban Australian cities - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

WTP Details

Hazard types identified
Not specific to a natural hazard
Specific Value Type measured
Injury-hospitalised
Currency Year - original study
WTP estimate - original study value
$75,476 per hospitalised injury
Currency - original study
AUD
WTP converted to $AU in original year from the study
$75,476.00 AUD
WTP measure
Mean
Other variables that significantly explain WTP

n/a

Study Details

Value type applicable
Physical Health
Study conducted in the context of a natural hazard?
No
Study quality
High
Benefits transfer applicability
Average
Recommendations
Useful for BT in urban Australian cities - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

Methods

Data collection method used
Choice modeling; annual vehicle kilometres; annual number of fatality and injury
Analysis model
mixed logit model
Modelled number of individuals
210
Modelled number of observations
1420

Sample Characteristics

Country/region studied
New South Wales
Country of source studies
Australia
Sampled population
New South Wales
Range in years of data
2007
Mean sample age
44.2
Percent Male
50
Percent Female
50
Mean sample income
$38,400
Income units
AUD/year

Publication

Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment

Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I. 2009. Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment. Transportation Research Part A. 43: 692–707.
Citation
Hensher, et al. 2009
Authors
Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I.
Year published
Peer reviewed?
Yes
Journal name
Transportation Research Part A

Additional information

Notes on this study

Hospitalised injury: defined as an injury that requires hospitalisation but there is a full recovery. To obtain an aggregated VRR, convert the WTP per person per trip to a WTP per person per kilometre, and then multiply by the inverse of the chance of death or injury class. Hence, WTP per person per trip estimates are available in the paper.

Quantify the aggregated WTP (Value Risk Reduction) to avoid serious injury by road traffic accident in an urban area in NSW

Fire
Flood
Storm
Earthquake
Tsunami
Heatwave
Calculated WTP Marginal Change being measured Recommendations
$406,282.25 AUD

Aggregate WTP to avoid one serious injury per event

 Useful for BT in urban Australian cities - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

WTP Details

Hazard types identified
Not specific to a natural hazard
Specific Value Type measured
Injury-serious
Currency Year - original study
WTP estimate - original study value
$310,292 per serious injury
Currency - original study
AUD
WTP converted to $AU in original year from the study
$310,292.00 AUD
WTP measure
Mean
Other variables that significantly explain WTP

n/a

Study Details

Value type applicable
Physical Health
Study conducted in the context of a natural hazard?
No
Study quality
High
Benefits transfer applicability
Average
Recommendations
Useful for BT in urban Australian cities - be aware of generalised context - not NH specific

Methods

Data collection method used
Choice modeling; annual vehicle kilometres; annual number of fatality and injury
Analysis model
mixed logit model
Modelled number of individuals
210
Modelled number of observations
1420

Sample Characteristics

Country/region studied
New South Wales
Country of source studies
Australia
Sampled population
New South Wales
Range in years of data
2007
Mean sample age
44.2
Percent Male
50
Percent Female
50
Mean sample income
$38,400
Income units
AUD/year

Publication

Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment

Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I. 2009. Estimating the willingness to pay and value of risk reduction for car occupants in the road environment. Transportation Research Part A. 43: 692–707.
Citation
Hensher, et al. 2009
Authors
Hensher, D.A., Rose, J.M., de Dios Ortúzar, J., Rizzi, L.I.
Year published
Peer reviewed?
Yes
Journal name
Transportation Research Part A

Additional information

Notes on this study

Serious injury: defined as an injury that requires hospitalisation for a long period and results in some permanent disability. To obtain an aggregated VRR, convert the WTP per person per trip to a WTP per person per kilometre, and then multiply by the inverse of the chance of death or injury class. Hence, WTP per person per trip estimates are available in the paper.
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